PDOX: organoid-to-in vivo validation
Define when a PDO program should extend into PDOX and how model identity, in vivo growth, histology and efficacy are evaluated together.
PDO–PDOX COMPARISON
Compare model identity before extending in vivo
ER profiling in breast PDO/PDOX and MUC5AC staining in gastric PDO/PDOX show how identity markers can be compared across in vitro and in vivo models. Follow-on studies can add tumor growth, efficacy and mechanism endpoints.
View imageIdentity from in vitro to in vivo: ER and Ki67 staining in a breast cancer PDO is shown alongside ER immunohistochemistry in PDOX tissue to compare receptor phenotype and model identity.
Study data
View imageIn vitro/in vivo phenotype in a gastric cancer model: MUC5AC immunofluorescence compares marker distribution in PDO and PDOX and provides a phenotype baseline for in vivo extension.
Study dataExtend PDO research in vivo
When the question calls for in vivo growth or activity, PDO identity and in vitro findings guide PDOX study design.
Confirm the in vitro model first
Check PDO source, passage, histology, target markers, culture state and existing efficacy before animal work.
Compare in vitro and in vivo evidence
Growth, histology, IHC and treatment outcomes can be compared with PDO marker and response trends.
- PDO entry QC
- In vivo growth monitoring
- H&E/IHC identity
- Efficacy and mechanism endpoints
Select in vivo endpoints for the study
Growth, histology and activity endpoints are selected for the candidate question, with study scope and deliverables agreed in the project plan.
Related models and services
Find relevant models and services
PROJECT DISCUSSION
Discuss your study with a scientist
Share your project goal and available materials. Our scientists will recommend models, controls, assays and a practical first study.